Izibane zendlela ephezuluDlala indima ebalulekileyo ekuqinisekiseni ukhuseleko kunye nokubonakala kwabaqhubi kunye nabahambi ngeenyawo endleleni. Izibane zibekwe ecaleni kwendlela enkulu yokubonelela ngekhanyano ebusuku kwaye kwiimeko zemozulu ezimbi. Inkalo ebalulekileyo yokukhanya kwendlela iphakame njengoko ichaphazela ukusebenza kwayo ekuboneleleni ngokukhanyiso okwaneleyo kunye nokuqinisekisa ukhuseleko lwabantu bonke endleleni.
Xa kuziwa kubushushu bendlela ephezulu, kukho izinto ezininzi ezibalulekileyo ekufuneka ziqwalaselwe. Ukuphakama kwezibane kumiselwa ngokusekwe ekuqwalaseleni okwahlukileyo njengokuqikelelwa komda wendlela, i-curvature yendlela, kunye nendawo engqongileyo. Ukongeza, ukuphakama kwesibane sentloko kukwadlala indima ebalulekileyo ekunciphiseni ifuthe lomqhubi kunye nokuqinisekisa ukuba nelitye elifanayo endleleni.
Ukuphakama kwemigangatho yezibane zendlela ephakamileyo kusoloko kumiselwa kusekwe kwizikhokelo nemigaqo ebekiweyo ngabasemagunyeni bezithuthi. Umzekelo, eUnited States, uLawulo lweeNdawo oluPhezulu (FHWA) lubonelela ngesikhokelo sokuyilwa kunye nokufakwa kwezibane zendlela, kubandakanya imigaqo-nkqubo yabo yokuphakama. Ngokutsho kwe-FHWA, ukuphakama kwezibane zendlela ephezulu kufuneka ilungiselelwe ukubonelela ngekhanyiso eyaneleyo ngelixa inciphisa amandla okungcola kunye nokungcoliseka kokukhanya.
Ukuphakama kwezibane zendlela kubaluleke kakhulu kwiindawo ezinemida yesantya esiphezulu. Kwezi ndawo, izibane kufuneka zibekwe ngokuphakama okwaneleyo ukubonelela ngokusasazwa okubanzi kunye nokukhanya kuyo yonke indlela. Oku kunceda ekuqinisekiseni ukuba umqhubi unembono ecacileyo yendlela engaphambili, enciphisa umngcipheko weengozi kunye nokuphucula ukhuseleko olupheleleyo. Ukongeza, ukuphakama kwezibane kunciphisa isithunzi sezithunzi, ngakumbi ukuphucula ukubonakala komqhubi.
Kwiindawo ezine-curvy okanye iindlela ze-hilly, ukuphakama kwendlela ukukhanya kuya kubaluleke ngakumbi. I-curvature yendlela ichaphazela ukubonakala kwezibane, ke ukuphakama kwezibane kufuneka kuthathelwe ingqalelo ukuqinisekisa ukuba bakhanyisele ngempumelelo indlela yonke. Ngokufanayo, kwiindawo ezinemeko zemozulu eziguquguqukayo, ukuphakama kwezibane kufuneka zilungiselelwe ukubonelela ngokukhanyiselwa okwaneleyo ngexesha lemvula, inkungu, okanye ikhephu.
Ukongeza kokuqwalaselwa nokubonakala kokhuseleko, ukuphakama kwezibane zendlela kunye nokunciphisa ukungcoliseka kokukhanya kunye nefuthe lokwakha. Ngokubeka izibane kwiindawo eziphakamileyo, abasemagunyeni bezothutho banokunciphisa inani lokukhanya eliqikelelweyo phezulu kwaye kuthintele ukubangela ungcoliseko lokukhanya. Oku kubaluleke kakhulu kwiindawo ezikufutshane neendawo zokuhlala kunye neendawo zokuhlala zendalo, apho ungcoliseko olugqithisileyo lunokuchaphazela kakubi izilwanyana zasendle kunye nempilo yabantu.
Ukuphakama kwezikhanyiso zendlela ephezulu kukwayinto ekunciphiseni ukukhanya komqhubi. Ilitha ukusuka kwizibane eziqaqambileyo okanye ezibonakalayo ezingalunganga zinokuchaphazela kakhulu amandla omqhubi ukubona indlela ezayo, enokukhokelela kwingozi. Ngokwenza ukuphakama okufanelekileyo kwezibane zendlela, abasemagunyeni bezithuthi banokunciphisa ilitha kwaye benze indawo ekhuselekileyo yokuqhuba kuwo wonke umntu osendleleni.
Kwiminyaka yakutshanje, inkqubela phambili kwitekhnoloji yokukhanya ikwachaphazele ukuphakama kwezibane zendlela. Itekhnoloji ye-LED, ngokukodwa, ibonelela ngezisombululo ezifanelekileyo kwaye zichanekile kwiindlela eziphezulu. Ayisiyiyo kuphela izibane ze-LED kuphela, kodwa zivumela ukulawulwa okungcono kokuhanjiswa, kuvumela ukuba kubekho ukuguquguquka ngakumbi ekumiseleni ukuphakama kwendlela ephezulu.
Ukuqukumbela, iukuphakama kwezibane zendlela ephezuluIdlala indima ebalulekileyo ekuqinisekiseni ukhuseleko ezindleleni, ukubonakala kunye nefuthe lokusingqongileyo. Ngokuthathela ingqalelo ngononophelo kwimiba efana nesantya sendlela, i-curvature, kunye nendawo engqongileyo, abasemagunyeni bezothutho banokuchonga ubude bendlela ephezulu, ekugqibeleni banegalelo kwiziseko ezikhuselekileyo zendlela. Njengoko itekhnoloji iyaqhubeka ukuqhubela phambili, ukuphakama kwendlela yokukhanya kwendlela kuya kuqhubeka nokuqwalaselwa okuphambili ekuboneleleni ngezisombululo ezifanelekileyo nezisebenzayo zokukhanya kweendlela eziphezulu.
IXESHA LOKUQALA: UJan-11 ukuya ku-1124