Izibane zendlelabadlale indima ebalulekileyo ekuqinisekiseni ukhuseleko kunye nokubonakala kwabaqhubi nabahambi ngeenyawo endleleni. Izibane zibekwe ngobuchule ecaleni kohola wendlela ukubonelela ngokhanyiso ebusuku nangexesha lemozulu embi. Inkalo ebalulekileyo yokukhanya komgwaqo omkhulu kukuphakama kwayo njengoko ichaphazela ngokuthe ngqo ukusebenza kwayo ekuboneleleni ukukhanya okwaneleyo kunye nokuqinisekisa ukhuseleko lomntu wonke endleleni.
Xa kuziwa ekuphakameni kokukhanya kohola wendlela, kukho izinto ezininzi ezibalulekileyo ekufuneka ziqwalaselwe. Ukuphakama kwezibane kumiselwa ngokusekelwe kwiingcamango ezahlukeneyo ezifana nomda wesantya sendlela, i-curvature yendlela, kunye nokusingqongileyo. Ukongezelela, ukuphakama kwezibane kudlala indima ebalulekileyo ekunciphiseni ukukhanya komqhubi kunye nokuqinisekisa ukukhanya okufanayo kwindlela.
Ukuphakama okusemgangathweni kwezibane zendlela ngokuqhelekileyo kumiselwa ngokusekelwe kwizikhokelo kunye nemigaqo ebekwe ngabasemagunyeni bezendlela. Ngokomzekelo, eUnited States, i-Federal Highway Administration (FHWA) ibonelela ngezikhokelo zoyilo kunye nokufakwa kwezibane zendlela enkulu, kubandakanywa neenkcukacha zabo zokuphakama. Ngokutsho kwe-FHWA, ubude bezibane zendlela kufuneka ziphuculwe ukuze zibonelele ngokukhanya okwaneleyo ngelixa kuncitshiswa amandla okumenyesa kunye nongcoliseko lokukhanya.
Ubude bezibane zohola wendlela bubaluleke kakhulu kwiindawo ezinesantya esiphezulu. Kwezi ndawo, izibane kufuneka zibekwe kumphakamo owaneleyo ukuze zinike usasazo olubanzi kunye nokukhanya kuyo yonke indlela. Oku kunceda ukuqinisekisa ukuba umqhubi unembono ecacileyo yendlela engaphambili, ukunciphisa umngcipheko weengozi kunye nokuphucula ukhuseleko jikelele. Ukongezelela, ukuphakama kwezibane kunciphisa izithunzi ezifakwe kwisithuthi, ngakumbi ukuphucula ukubonakala komqhubi.
Kwiindawo ezineendlela ezigoso okanye ezinenduli, ukuphakama kokukhanya kwendlela kuba kubaluleke ngakumbi. I-curvature yendlela ichaphazela ukubonakala kwezibane, ngoko ukuphakama kwezibane kufuneka kuqwalaselwe ngononophelo ukuqinisekisa ukuba zikhanyisa ngokufanelekileyo yonke indlela. Ngokunjalo, kwiindawo ezineemeko zemozulu eziguquguqukayo, umphakamo wezibane kufuneka uphuculwe ukuze unike ukukhanya okwaneleyo ngexesha lemvula, inkungu, okanye ikhephu.
Ukongeza kwimbonakalo kunye noqwalaselo lokhuseleko, ubude bezibane zendlela yendlela bukwanciphisa ungcoliseko lokukhanya kunye neempembelelo zokusingqongileyo. Ngokubeka izibane kwindawo eziphakamileyo, abasemagunyeni kwezothutho banokunciphisa ukukhanya okuqikelelweyo ukuya phezulu kwaye baphephe ukubangela ungcoliseko lokukhanya. Oku kubaluleke kakhulu kwiindawo ezikufutshane neendawo zokuhlala kunye neendawo zokuhlala zendalo, apho ukungcoliseka kokukhanya okugqithisileyo kunokuchaphazela kakubi izilwanyana kunye nempilo yabantu.
Ubude bezibane zendlela enguhola ikwangumba wokunciphisa ilitha lomqhubi. Ilitha elivela kwizibane eziqaqambileyo okanye ezibekwe ngendlela engafanelekanga linokuchaphazela ngokunzulu ukukwazi komqhubi ukubona indlela ngaphambili, nto leyo enokukhokelela kwingozi. Ngokumisela ubude obufanelekileyo bezibane zendlela, abasemagunyeni bezendlela banokucutha ilitha kwaye benze indawo yokuqhubela ekhuselekileyo kumntu wonke osendleleni.
Kwiminyaka yakutshanje, ukuhambela phambili kweteknoloji yokukhanyisa kuye kwachaphazela ukuphakama kwezibane zendlela. Itekhnoloji ye-LED, ngokukodwa, ibonelela ngezisombululo zokukhanya ezichanekileyo nezichanekileyo kwiindlela ezihamba phambili. Akunjalo kuphela izibane ze-LED ezisebenza ngokufanelekileyo, kodwa zivumela nokulawulwa okungcono kokusasazwa kokukhanya, okuvumela ukuguquguquka ngakumbi ekumiseleni ubude obuphezulu bezibane zendlela.
Ukuqukumbela, iukuphakama kwezibane zendlelaidlala indima ebalulekileyo ekuqinisekiseni ukhuseleko ezindleleni, ukubonakala, kunye nefuthe lokusingqongileyo. Ngokuqwalasela ngenyameko imiba efana nesantya sendlela, ukugoba, kunye nokusingqongileyo, abasemagunyeni kwezothutho banokumisela umphakamo ofanelekileyo wezibane zendlela, ekugqibeleni zibe negalelo kukhuseleko lweziseko zendlela ezizinzileyo. Njengoko itekhnoloji iqhubeka nokuhambela phambili, ukuphakama kokukhanya kohola wendlela kuya kuqhubeka kuyingqwalasela ephambili ekuboneleleni ngezisombululo zokukhanyisa ezisebenzayo nezisebenzayo koohola bendlela.
Ixesha lokuposa: Jan-11-2024