Kule minyaka yangoku,izibane zesitalato zelangaziye zaba sisisombululo esizinzileyo kunye neendleko ezifanelekileyo zokukhanyisa emaphandleni. Ezi nkqubo zokukhanyisa ezintsha zisebenzisa amandla elanga ukukhanyisa izitalato, iindlela kunye neendawo zoluntu, ukubonelela ngokhuseleko kunye nokhuseleko kwiindawo ezinokuthi zingabikho iziseko zombane eziqhelekileyo. Nangona kunjalo, ukukhetha izibane ezichanekileyo zesitrato zelanga ekukhanyeni kwasemaphandleni kunokuba ngumsebenzi onzima, ngokuqwalasela iintlobo ezahlukeneyo kwiimarike. Eli nqaku liza kukukhokela kwizinto ezisisiseko ekufuneka uziqwalasele xa ukhetha izibane zesitrato zelanga kwiindawo zasemaphandleni.
Funda malunga nezibane zasesitalatweni zelanga
Ngaphambi kokuba ungene kwinkqubo yokhetho, kubalulekile ukuqonda ukuba zeziphi izibane zesitalato zelanga. Ezi nkqubo zibandakanya iiphaneli zelanga, izibane ze-LED, iibhetri, kunye neenkqubo zokulawula. Iiphaneli zelanga ziqokelela ukukhanya kwelanga emini, zikuguqula zibe ngumbane, zize zikugcine kwiibhetri ukuze zisetyenziswe ebusuku. Izibane ze-LED zithandwa ngokusebenza kwazo kakuhle kwamandla kunye nobomi obude, nto leyo ezenza zilungele ukusetyenziswa kwezibane zasemaphandleni.
Imiba ephambili emayiqwalaselwe
1. IiMfuno zokukhanyisa
Isinyathelo sokuqala ekukhetheni izibane zesitrato zelanga zokukhanyisa emaphandleni kukuvavanya iimfuno ezithile zokukhanyisa zendawo. Qwalasela ezi ngongoma zilandelayo:
- Inqanaba lokukhanyisa: Imisela ukukhanya okufunekayo (kwi-lumens) ngokusekelwe ekusebenziseni ukukhanya. Ngokomzekelo, izitrato ezisecaleni zisenokufuna ukukhanya okuncinane kuneendlela eziphambili okanye iindawo zokuhlanganisana zikawonke-wonke.
- Indawo yoMmandla: Bala indawo efunekayo ukuze kukhanyiswe. Oku kuya kukunceda ubone ukuba zingaphi izibane zesitalato zelanga ozifunayo kunye nendawo yazo.
2. Ukusebenza kwePaneli yeSolar
Ukusebenza kakuhle kweepaneli zelanga kubaluleke kakhulu ekusebenzeni kwezibane zesitalato zelanga. Khangela iipaneli ezinamazinga aphezulu okuguqulwa, ngokuqhelekileyo ngaphezu kwe-15%. Oku kuqinisekisa ukuba izibane ziyakwazi ukuvelisa amandla awoneleyo naphantsi kweemeko zokukhanya kwelanga, okubaluleke ngakumbi kwiindawo ezisemaphandleni ezinokuthi zibe nokutshintsha kwamaxesha onyaka ekukhanyeni kwelanga.
3. Umthamo webhetri
Ibhetri yintliziyo yayo nayiphi na inkqubo yokukhanya ezitalatweni zelanga, ukugcina amandla okusetyenziswa ebusuku. Xa ukhetha izibane zesitalato zelanga, qwalasela:
- Uhlobo lwebhetri: Iibhetri zeLithium-ion zithandwa ngenxa yokuphila ixesha elide kunye nokusebenza kakuhle xa kuthelekiswa neebhetri ze-lead-acid.
-Umthamo: Qinisekisa ukuba ibhetri inomthamo owaneleyo wokunika ukukhanya ixesha elifunekayo, ngakumbi ngeentsuku ezinamafu okanye ebusika.
4. Umgangatho we-LED
Umgangatho wezibane ze-LED zichaphazela ngokuthe ngqo ukusebenza kunye nobomi bezibane zesitalato zelanga. Ndikhangela i:
- I-Lumen Output: Ukukhutshwa kwe-lumen ephezulu kuthetha ukukhanya okuqaqambileyo. Khetha i-LED enika ukukhanya okwaneleyo kwisicelo esicetywayo.
- Ubushushu boMbala: Ubushushu bombala we-LED buchaphazela ukubonakala. Ukukhanya okumhlophe okupholileyo (malunga ne-5000K) kudla ngokukhethwa ukukhanyisa ngaphandle kuba kuphucula ukubonakala.
5. Ukuqina kunye nokumelana neMozulu
Iindawo ezisemaphandleni zinokubeka izibane zelanga ezitalatweni kwiimeko zemozulu ezimbi, kuquka imvula, ikhephu namaqondo obushushu agqithisileyo. Ngoko ke, kubaluleke kakhulu ukukhetha isibane esineempawu ezilandelayo:
- Ubungqina bobunzima: I-IP (uKhuseleko lokuNgena) ukulinganisa ubuncinci be-IP65, oku kuthetha ukuba uthuli kunye nokumelana namanzi.
- Izinto ezomeleleyo: Qinisekisa ukuba i-case yenziwe ngezinto ezihlala zihleli ezifana ne-aluminium okanye iplastiki ephezulu yokumelana noxinzelelo lwendalo.
6. Ufakelo kunye noLondolozo
Xa ukhetha izibane zesitalato zelanga, qwalasela ukukhululeka kokufakela kunye nokugcinwa. Ezinye iisistim ziza nezinto ezifakwe ngaphambili, nto leyo eyenza kube lula ukuseta. Kwakhona, khangela ukuba ngaba umenzi ubonelela ngezikhokelo zokufakela ezicacileyo kunye nenkxaso.
- IiMfuno zoLondolozo: Khetha inkqubo efuna ukulungiswa okuncinci. Kuluntu lwasemaphandleni, ukucocwa rhoqo kweephaneli zelanga kunye nokutshekishwa kweebhetri ngamaxesha athile kufuneka kube nokulawuleka.
7. Iindleko kunye nohlahlo-lwabiwo mali
Ngelixa izibane zasesitalatweni zelanga zinokubiza ngaphezulu kwangaphambili kunokukhanyisa kwemveli, zinokukongela imali kumbane kunye neendleko zokuwugcina ekuhambeni kwexesha. Xa usenza uhlahlo lwabiwo-mali, qwalasela:
- Utyalo-mali lokuqala: Thelekisa amaxabiso avela kubavelisi abohlukeneyo ukuze ufumane imveliso esemgangathweni ehambelana nohlahlo lwabiwo-mali lwakho.
- Ugcino lwexesha elide: Thatha ingqalelo ukonga kumbane kunye neendleko zokuwugcina ubomi besibane, esinokuthi sidlule iminyaka engama-25.
8. Isidima soMvelisi kunye neWaranti
Ekugqibeleni, khetha umenzi ohloniphekileyo onerekhodi eqinisekisiweyo kwizibane zesitrato zelanga. Phanda uphononongo lwabathengi kunye nobungqina bokulinganisa ukusebenza kwemveliso kunye nokuthembeka. Kwakhona, jonga iwaranti enikezelwayo, njengoko iwaranti ende ngokuqhelekileyo ibonisa ukuzithemba ekuzinzeni kwemveliso.
Ukuququmbela
Ukukhetha okulungileyoizibane zesitalato zelanga zokukhanyisa emaphandleniidinga ukuqwalaselwa ngokucophelela kwizinto ezahlukeneyo, kubandakanywa iimfuno zokukhanyisa, ukusebenza kakuhle kwepaneli yelanga, amandla ebhetri, umgangatho we-LED, ukuqina, ukufakela, iindleko kunye nodumo lomenzi. Ngokuthatha ixesha lokuvavanya le miba, unokuqinisekisa ukuba utyalo-mali lwakho kwizibane zelanga zasezitalatweni ziya kubonelela ngezibane ezikhuselekileyo, ezithembekileyo nezizinzileyo kuluntu lwasemaphandleni. Njengoko ihlabathi litshintshela kwizisombululo zamandla aluhlaza, izibane zelanga ezitalatweni zilukhanyiso lwethemba lokuphucula ukhuseleko kunye nomgangatho wobomi kwimimandla yasemaphandleni.
Ixesha lokuposa: Oct-16-2024